Введение
Кесарево сечение (КС) у собак и кошек является одной из наиболее ответственных операций в ветеринарной практике. Эта процедура требует комплексного подхода, включающего элементы акушерства, интенсивной терапии и анестезиологии. В отличие от многих других хирургических вмешательств, КС предполагает участие сразу двух категорий пациентов – матери и плодов, что подразумевает двойную клиническую ответственность. Ведение таких пациентов требует глубокого понимания физиологии и фармакокинетики лекарственных средств, чтобы обеспечить максимально плавную, качественную и безопасную анестезию как для матери, так и для плодов1-3,13.Несмотря на большое количество практических рекомендаций, выбор препаратов и методик остается предметом дискуссии, а доказательная база – фрагментарной. Многие подходы заимствованы из акушерской анестезиологии человека, однако физиологические различия между видами и особенности многоплодной беременности животных требуют особого подхода1-3,6,7.
Беременность сопровождается комплексом системных изменений в организме матери, которые направлены на обеспечение оптимальных условий для развития плода и подготовку организма к родам1-4. В данной статье будут рассмотрены наиболее значимые из этих изменений.
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